Chemical Formulas of Traditional Pigments

i) Carbon Black : Lampblack, from soot. C (12.01 g/mol)
ii) Manganese Black : Manganese dioxide. MnO2 (86.937 g/mol)
iii) Cinnabar : Called vermillion, or Chinese red. HgS (232.66 g/mol)
iv) Red Ochre : Hematite. Ferric oxide. Fe2O3 (159.69 g/mol)
v) Sepia : Natural sepiomelanin from sepia officinalis. [ 1 | 2 ]
vi) Viridian : Chromium oxide dihydrate. Cr2O3 . 2 H2O (Guignet, 1859)
vii) Green Malachite : Basic cupric carbonate. CuCO3-Cu(OH)2
viii) Egyptian blue : Synthetic cuprorivaite. CaCuSi4O10 3100 BC
ix) Indigo : "Indian Blue". CAS 482-89-3 C16H10N2O2 1580 BC
x) Maya Blue : Palygorskite clay and indigo complex. [ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 ]
xi) Lapis Lazuli : Lazurite (sodium aluminum silicate) not "lazulite". [supplier] (Na,Ca) 8 (AlSiO4 )6 (S, SO4 , Cl 2 ) especially: Na 8 (AlSiO4 )6 S.
xii) Prussian Blue : Ferric ferrocyanide. Ferric hexacyanoferrate. Fe4 [Fe (CN)6 ] 3 A chelating agent insoluble in water (Diesbach, 1704).

Source: Numericana.